Introduction to Radiology for Physician Assistants
Updated: 06/09/2016
In this post, I hope to introduce you all to the differences between imaging modalities, including indications and contraindications. My goal is also to provide a basic understanding of the concepts surrounding density and normal x-ray findings. Future posts will investigate the findings for pneumonia, pneumothoraces, effusions, atelectasis, fractures/dislocations, arthritis, intracranial, GI and hepatic pathology, bowel, lines/tubes, and heart disease.
Conventional Radiography (Plain Films)
- Images produced through use of ionizing radiation
- No contrast material (barium or iodine)
- Why it’s important: Large doses of radiation can produce cell mutations leading to cancer or anomalies. Even low levels of radiation are teratogenic (avoid in pregnancy).
- Relatively inexpensive, obtained easily (portable, mobile), most widely used
- Common uses: chest x-ray (CXR), abdominal x-ray, and for fractures or arthritis
Computed Tomography (CT or CAT Scans)
- Uses a gantry with a rotating x-ray beam and multiple detectors with sophisticated algorithms to process the data
- Expensive equipment, lots of space, and high computer processing power required